Post your modding questions here

[mrob27]

Now, thank YOU!

Glad you liked it. Make sure to check out this page on the Minetest wiki: Using Blender

[Hybrid Dog]

I am trying to learn how to save a simple table and then read from it. Can someone point me to the right info to learn it?

All I want to do is have a table like this

Code: Select all

mytable = {
   item1 = "something",
   item2 = "something",
   item3 = 4
   }

It needs to save strings and numbers. When I have tried I always get an error of expected string, got nil

lt's fairly easy

Code: Select all

mytable = {
   item1 = "something",
   item2 = "something",
   item3 = 4
}
-- mytable.item1 = mytable["item1"]
somenumber = 3
mytable[somenumber] = "sth"

-- mytable[something_nil] = "sth" → error

local t = {}
mytable.t = t

t.name = "sth"
mytable.t.name == "sth" -- = true

http://www.lua.org/pil/2.5.html

[Don]

I am trying to learn how to save a simple table and then read from it. Can someone point me to the right info to learn it?

All I want to do is have a table like this

Code: Select all

mytable = {
   item1 = "something",
   item2 = "something",
   item3 = 4
   }

It needs to save strings and numbers. When I have tried I always get an error of expected string, got nil

lt's fairly easy

Code: Select all

mytable = {
   item1 = "something",
   item2 = "something",
   item3 = 4
}
-- mytable.item1 = mytable["item1"]
somenumber = 3
mytable[somenumber] = "sth"

-- mytable[something_nil] = "sth" → error

local t = {}
mytable.t = t

t.name = "sth"
mytable.t.name == "sth" -- = true

http://www.lua.org/pil/2.5.html

Thanks for your answer.
I wasn't clear enough. I want to save it to a file in the world folder. I know how to save a single string with i/o. I do not know how to do it with a table. Do I serialize the table and then when I read from it I would deserialize? I am not understanding how this works.

[Ferk]

Do I serialize the table and then when I read from it I would deserialize? I am not understanding how this works.

Exactly, you basically do this:

Code: Select all

-- serialize an write it
f, err = io.open(filename, "w")
f:write(minetest.serialize(data))
f:close()

-- read it and deserialize
f, err = io.open(filename, "r")
local data = minetest.deserialize(f:read("*a"))
f:close()

[Ferk]

I also have a question.. I'm creating a looping sound around a node. For this I use a similar code as it's done in the fire mod:

Code: Select all

minetest.sound_play(name, {
			pos = pos,
			max_hear_distance = 6,
			loop = true
		})

However, often the sound continues looping endlessly with the same intensity regardless how far I am from the node.
I actually experience this as well with the fire at times. Is this a bug? If not, what could I be doing wrong?

I noticed that in the wiki it says that a sound has to be "attached" to an object for the looping to work. But I assumed this info is outdated, since it's used in the official fire mod assigned only to a position instead of an object.

EDIT: I did some more testing and it seems that if when the sound triggers (by an ABM) the player is within max_hear_distance, the sound plays in a loop constantly no matter how far I get.. but if sound_play is executed when the player is farther away than max_hear_distance the sound doesn't play at all, even if I then move to be next to the playing position.

What should I do for the sound to dynamically change with the distance from the node?

[Hybrid Dog]

Do I serialize the table and then when I read from it I would deserialize? I am not understanding how this works.

Exactly, you basically do this:

Code: Select all

-- serialize an write it
f, err = io.open(filename, "w")
f:write(minetest.serialize(data))
f:close()

-- read it and deserialize
f, err = io.open(filename, "r")
local data = minetest.deserialize(f:read("*a"))
f:close()

You can compress the text using minetest.compress. When you read the file, you need to io.open it with "rb" instead or "r". You can also decompress it of course.

[Hybrid Dog]

I also have a question.. I'm creating a looping sound around a node. For this I use a similar code as it's done in the fire mod:

Code: Select all

minetest.sound_play(name, {
			pos = pos,
			max_hear_distance = 6,
			loop = true
		})

However, often the sound continues looping endlessly with the same intensity regardless how far I am from the node.
I actually experience this as well with the fire at times. Is this a bug? If not, what could I be doing wrong?

I noticed that in the wiki it says that a sound has to be "attached" to an object for the looping to work. But I assumed this info is outdated, since it's used in the official fire mod assigned only to a position instead of an object.

EDIT: I did some more testing and it seems that if when the sound triggers (by an ABM) the player is within max_hear_distance, the sound plays in a loop constantly no matter how far I get.. but if sound_play is executed when the player is farther away than max_hear_distance the sound doesn't play at all, even if I then move to be next to the playing position.

What should I do for the sound to dynamically change with the distance from the node?

Maybe your sound is stereo. Stereo sounds aren't handled well, how should stereo behave if the sound comes from one point (the node)?
Often when l use the music box of technic, when l walk away, the music becomes quiet but then, when l walk further away, l can still hear it (fairly quiet).

[Ferk]

Maybe your sound is stereo. Stereo sounds aren't handled well, how should stereo behave if the sound comes from one point (the node)?

Thanks! that was it, now it works fine.

It's still noisy when far away though, the sound never seems to completely go away, there's always some faint trace of it resounding in the background, no matter how many layers of wall are between you and the sound.

I reduced max_hear_distance from 6 to 3, and I still can faintly hear it 160 nodes away. Only at about 700 nodes does it stop being noticeable. Is there a way I can mitigate this? Ideally there should be no trace of the sound after a 32 radius.

[Don]

Thanks for the help.

[mrob27]

I just see a grey circle with a horizontal bar across it ^

I suggest pasteboard.co or imgcru.sh

I managed to get the images while they were still working. Here they are:




It's great to see these slices of Minetest terrain gen. Is it v6 terrain? Looks like a lot of Nyan Cat on the bottom there...

[iangp]

I just see a grey circle with a horizontal bar across it ^

I suggest pasteboard.co or imgcru.sh

I managed to get the images while they were still working. Here they are:




It's great to see these slices of Minetest terrain gen. Is it v6 terrain? Looks like a lot of Nyan Cat on the bottom there...

They are from minetest... and nyan cat rainbow are the Bedrock in MC...
I'm trying build my own MC-MTmap converter in python. Someone already make one... but I've tried but not have mesecons support, and support to other blocks.
These are the result of first "wall" of blocks of my MC map... using a txt file...

[Ferk]

I would like to animate a sprite. Can someone explain this function from LuaEntitySAO?

Code: Select all

setsprite(p={x=0,y=0}, num_frames=1, framelength=0.2, select_horiz_by_yawpitch=false) — Select sprite from spritesheet with optional animation and DM-style texture selection based on yaw relative to camera 

I understand num_frames and I guess select_horiz_by_yawpitch automatically switches the sprite based on the yaw (I guess for doom-like sprites).

If I want a looping animation do I actually need to execute a routine for every single frame? isn't there something like a firelike drawtype? I'm basically implementing a moving fire.

I already defined a initial_sprite_basepos and a spritediv in the definition of the entity I would expect it doesn't need to know the divisions of the sprite and I would have guessed framelength to be a unit of time for the animation, but it doesn't seem to work.

[Don]

@Ferk - Does this help? It is a program for animating sprites.
http://www.aseprite.org/

[Ferk]

@Ferk - Does this help? It is a program for animating sprites.
http://www.aseprite.org/

Oh! that program looks cool.

However, I already have the animation drawn, what I wanted to know is if there's a way to display it in Minetest without having to manually change the sprite texture for each frame in the on_step function of the entity.

The speed in which I need to process stuff for my entity is much slower than the animation (it's an extremely simple mob, just moving between a set of waypoints), so I was hoping for a way to make it client-side. Just like fire, torches and other nodes are animated without the server needing to ask the clients every time to change the texture on each step of the animation.

Maybe this could also be useful for your pacman ghosts (unless you are using a mesh).. I actually got inspired by your idea and started making a simple mob / obstacle / trap for dungeontest as well :)

[mrob27]

I would like to animate a sprite. Can someone explain this function from LuaEntitySAO?

Code: Select all

 setsprite(p={x=0,y=0}, num_frames=1, framelength=0.2, select_horiz_by_yawpitch=false) — Select sprite from spritesheet with optional animation and DM-style texture selection based on yaw relative to camera

In src/script/lua_api/l_object.cpp we have the lua function:

Code: Select all

 // setsprite(self, p={x=0,y=0}, num_frames=1, framelength=0.2,
 //           select_horiz_by_yawpitch=false)
  int ObjectRef::l_setsprite(lua_State *L)
  {
    NO_MAP_LOCK_REQUIRED;
    ObjectRef *ref = checkobject(L, 1);
    LuaEntitySAO *co = getluaobject(ref);
    if(co == NULL) return 0;
    // Do it
    v2s16 p(0,0);
    if(!lua_isnil(L, 2))
        p = read_v2s16(L, 2);
    int num_frames = 1;
    if(!lua_isnil(L, 3))
	num_frames = lua_tonumber(L, 3);
    float framelength = 0.2;
    if(!lua_isnil(L, 4))
        framelength = lua_tonumber(L, 4);
    bool select_horiz_by_yawpitch = false;
    if(!lua_isnil(L, 5))
        select_horiz_by_yawpitch = lua_toboolean(L, 5);
    co->setSprite(p, num_frames, framelength, select_horiz_by_yawpitch);
    return 0;
  }

It's just a wrapper for a C function setSprite; this takes us to src/content_sao.cpp :

Code: Select all

  void LuaEntitySAO::setSprite(v2s16 p, int num_frames, float framelength,
        bool select_horiz_by_yawpitch)
  {
    std::string str = gob_cmd_set_sprite(
        p,
        num_frames,
        framelength,
	select_horiz_by_yawpitch
    );
    // create message and add to list
    ActiveObjectMessage aom(getId(), true, str);
    m_messages_out.push_back(aom);
  }

thence to src/genericobject.cpp :

Code: Select all

  std::string gob_cmd_set_sprite(
    v2s16 p,
    u16 num_frames,
    f32 framelength,
    bool select_horiz_by_yawpitch
  ){
    std::ostringstream os(std::ios::binary);
    // command
    writeU8(os, GENERIC_CMD_SET_SPRITE);
    // parameters
    writeV2S16(os, p);
    writeU16(os, num_frames);
    writeF1000(os, framelength);
    writeU8(os, select_horiz_by_yawpitch);
    return os.str();
  }

thence to src/content_cao.cpp :

Code: Select all

  void GenericCAO::processMessage(const std::string &data)

  // [ ... many lines omitted ... ]

    else if(cmd == GENERIC_CMD_SET_SPRITE) {
        v2s16 p = readV2S16(is);
        int num_frames = readU16(is);
        float framelength = readF1000(is);
        bool select_horiz_by_yawpitch = readU8(is);

        m_tx_basepos = p;
        m_anim_num_frames = num_frames;
        m_anim_framelength = framelength;
        m_tx_select_horiz_by_yawpitch = select_horiz_by_yawpitch;

        updateTexturePos();
    }

CAO is "Client Active Object", i.e. we've passed the setsprite command right through to the client without doing anything on the server.

These variables (m_tx_basepos, etc.) are only ever used to manipulate m_spritenode, which is an Irrlicht object in class irr::scene::IBillboardSceneNode. According to the Irrlicht documentation, this is "A billboard scene node. / A billboard is like a 3d sprite: A 2d element, which always looks to the camera. It is usually used for explosions, fire, lensflares, particles and things like that."

This sounds like just what you want! Unfortunately, there is only one per client, it is a global variable and it is created in src/content_cso.cpp:

Code: Select all

  class SmokePuffCSO: public ClientSimpleObject
  {
    float m_age;
    scene::IBillboardSceneNode *m_spritenode;
public:
    SmokePuffCSO(scene::ISceneManager *smgr,
            ClientEnvironment *env, v3f pos, v2f size):
        m_age(0),
        m_spritenode(NULL)
    {
        infostream<<"SmokePuffCSO: constructing"<<std::endl;
        m_spritenode = smgr->addBillboardSceneNode(
                NULL, v2f(1,1), pos, -1);
        m_spritenode->setMaterialTexture(0,
                env->getGameDef()->tsrc()->getTexture("smoke_puff.png"));
        m_spritenode->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_LIGHTING, false);
        m_spritenode->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_BILINEAR_FILTER, false);
        //m_spritenode->setMaterialType(video::EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL_REF);
  // [... etc. ]

There is almost identical code in src/content_cso.cpp, "CSO" is "Client Simple Object". m_spritenode is referenced in a lot of places but it is only ever initialised as a smoke puff. Since there is one per client, it seems it is only ever used for the "you just killed something" animation. That must be what the lua setsprite function does. I can guess that the basepos tells where within the texture the first frame is derived, there are some clues to this in lua_api.txt if you look for "sprite", you'll find spritediv and initial_sprite_basepos mentioned in the object properties along with more familiar things like hp_max and collisionbox.

So if you don't like the smoke puff, you can change it with setsprite, but I doubt you can get this sprite to be used for anything other than showing the result of a kill.

We also find the following in lua_api.txt :

Entity damage mechanism
　[…]
Client predicts damage based on damage groups. Because of this, it is able to give an immediate response when an entity is damaged or dies; the response is pre-defined somehow (e.g. by defining a sprite animation) (not implemented; TODO).
Currently a smoke puff will appear when an entity dies.

which pretty much confirms this is what setsprite was intended for.

You might be able to use it to define mobs that are displayed as billboards, i.e. flat cardboard stand-ups like in early versions of Minetest, and if you did that, the mob's 2D appearance could be animated. But I don't see how it could work, since there is only ever one m_spritenode in the client; and we've moved away from that, I think everyone wants their mobs to be 3-D animated now.

[Ferk]

Thank you mrob27 for the research! :)
This helped me understand a bit more. Imho, the dev.minetest.net wiki should have more links pointing to the actual code. Specially considering how the wiki is often left incomplete or outdated.

You might be able to use it to define mobs that are displayed as billboards,[...]. But we've moved away from that, I think everyone wants their mobs to be 3-D animated now.

Yes, I was actually using drawtype = "sprite". The thing is that it's way harder to obtain a good looking 3-D animated model. Specially if you want to avoid too many polygons. For something as simple as a ball of fire it makes more sense as a billboard. An actual sphere mesh would look out of place, imho.
I wouldn't mind using a 3D cube with textures similar to the fire node, but there's no "firelike" drawtype for entities, I'm not sure how would I animate the texture of the cube.

CAO is "Client Active Object", i.e. we've passed the setsprite command right through to the client without doing anything on the server.

But this is the "processMessage" method of the CAO, and we started in the SAO. I assume there's actually a message sent by the server then for every single change in the sprite. So it looks like there's no way to do the animation client-side without relying on server communication (contributing to lag). I guess nobody cares about this because everyone uses 3D models.

Also I didn't find anything like the "damage_per_second" that nodes have or at least some handler to trigger on collisions. So I guess the only way for an entity to damage a player is to check for players every iteration of the on_step loop (or at least often enough to not miss it), is that right? That doesn't look very efficient, in the end my small entity might turn out heavier than expected.

[mrob27]

But this is the "processMessage" method of the CAO, and we started in the SAO. I assume there's actually a message sent by the server then for every single change in the sprite. So basically, there's no way to do the animation client-side without relying on server communication (contributing to lag).

I'm pretty new to this, but it looks like the message is sent only once in response to the call of setsprite; and then from that point on the animation of individual frames is handled by GenericCAO::updateTexturePos within the client. So if you don't want lag, you would call setsprite only once.

Also I didn't find anything like the "damage_per_second" that nodes have or at least some handler to trigger on collisions. So I guess the only way for an entity to damage a player seems to be to check for players every iteration of the on_step loop.

Player movement (physics, collisions), and therefore position, must be computed on each player's client, in order to avoid the camera-position lag that would happen if the player's physics were being done on the server. But each object's physics are computed in only one place, because if there is a disagreement what do you do? All non-player objects' physics are computed on the server so that no one player has an unfair advantage, and also to avert many of the loopholes used by cheating hacks. Therefore, there will be lag between each player and every other thing that moves. There is a double-lag in a combat situation between two players. I had a discussion about this with @est31 on Github after discovering the inability to set player velocity was impeding my aspirations for the P0rtalgun.

[Ferk]

from that point on the animation of individual frames is handled by GenericCAO::updateTexturePos within the client

Nice, that's exactly what I want. However, it doesn't seem to work. Or at least the texture doesn't update for me after the first setsprite. That's why I asked about the num_frames and framelength parameters of setsprite.. I'm not sure how do I need to set it up. I already have a spritediv={x=3, y=1} defined and I can switch image by manually changing the "pos" parameter in setsprite, but only when I manually request it from the SAO. Maybe someone knows.

each object's physics are computed in only one place, because if there is a disagreement what do you do?

My concern in this case is that I cannot make use of the physics, not even when just running server-side.
I have to manually do a lookup for the players, iterate through all players checking their positions or use "minetest.get_objects_inside_radius" to get the objects around my entity every fraction of a second that I want to damage a player. That's not a good way to do it, imho. Specially if there's already a physics engine checking for collisions, why can't I make use of an "on_collision" handler? This wouldn't only be good for entities but also for nodes (I'm thinking pressure plates, which right now would need an ABM checking for players cyclically as well), the "damage_per_second" of nodes could have been generalized into a "on_collision_step(dtime)", so modders could do more things with the collisions than just damage.

[Don]

@Ferk- on_collision would make telepirter better to wouldn't it?

[Ferk]

@Don exactly, I bet there are many mods that could benefit from it. Also things like areas that heal the player instead of hurting him (the reverse of damage_per_second) or all sorts of traps for adventure maps that are invisible but get activated as soon as the player steps on them.

Having something like this my mob could have been done extremely lightweight without any logic in the on_step loop. Just changing its direction every time it collides with a waypoint node or something else (and if a player, damage it). Without this, now for every single aggressive mob that is loaded the server will necessarily have to do some extra Lua calculations per second. CPU usage could easily escalate when you have several of these loaded at the same time.

Being able to use a waypoint system like that would also have been useful for things like rail carts. And I would guess not having to check/update the velocity or call on_step every cycle would make it easier for client prediction.

[Napiophelios]

I am trying to make a standalone crafting table mod
but I am having trouble with the formspec.

Here is the code I am using:

Code: Select all

	on_construct = function(pos)
		local meta = minetest.env:get_meta(pos)
		meta:set_string("formspec",
   "size[8,9]"..
   default.gui_bg..
   default.gui_bg_img..
   default.gui_slots..
   "list[current_player;main;0,5;8,4;]"..
   "list[current_player;craft;2,0.5;4,4;]"..
   "list[current_player;craftpreview;7,2;1,1;]"..
   "image[6,2;1,1;gui_furnace_arrow_bg.png^[transformR270]"..
   "listring[current_player;main]"..
   "listring[current_player;craft]")
		meta:set_string("infotext", "Crafting Table")
		local inv = meta:get_inventory()
--inv:set_width("craft", 4)
--inv:set_size("craft", 4*4)
  inv:set_size("craft", 16)
	end,

screenshot_20151021.png (113.41 KiB) Viewed 790 times

What can I do to get the full 4x4 crafting grid?

[afeys]

Hi,

I have 2 questions, which I hope someone can help me answer:

1/ In my mod (pre-alpha version) I place a schematic with minetest.place_schematic() and that works perfectly. However, when I come accross that building in my test world, I can't open the chests. I haven't been able to find a solution for this. Anyone know what could be the problem?

2/ Is there a way for a node to know if someone is stepping on it, or touching it? Ideally there should be an event minetest.register_on_playertouchnode or minetest.register_on_playersteponnode (like minetest.register_on_punchnode) or something like that which triggers when a player is on that block. Even more perfect would be way to know which side of the block the player has touched (by stepping on it, or hitting his/her head on it while jumping below it).

Anyone got any ideas on how to solve these ?

best regards,
Andy

[Ferk]

1/ [...] minetest.place_schematic() [...] I can't open the chests. [...]

Yup, mts files don't store the node's metadata (and the chest inventory / formspec / infotext is metadata). You have to save the metadata to a separate file or use a mod like worldedit or handle_schematics from sokomine.

I also do this in Dungeontest. Maybe I should try to factor out and generalize the dungeon_rooms mod I wrote so it can be used outside of Dungeontest.

2/ Is there a way for a node to know if someone is stepping on it, or touching it? [...] minetest.register_on_playertouchnode or minetest.register_on_playersteponnode

This is exactly the same as what I was asking for in my last posts in this thread. It doesn't look like such a thing exists... I wish it got implemented, since I think a lot of people want it. The only workaround is to use an abm or a timer and check constantly for players.

I guess you are also making a dungeon mod?

[Don]

@afeys - Like Ferk said, the meta data is not saved in mts files. In a game I am making I made item chests. When opened it drops items. It is an easy way to add chests to mts files. It works great for my game since I only want to give the player one or 2 items at a time. You can see what I did here.

[afeys]

2/ Is there a way for a node to know if someone is stepping on it, or touching it? [...] minetest.register_on_playertouchnode or minetest.register_on_playersteponnode

This is exactly the same as what I was asking for in my last posts in this thread. It doesn't look like such a thing exists... I wish it got implemented, since I think a lot of people want it. The only workaround is to use an abm or a timer and check constantly for players.

I guess you are also making a dungeon mod?

sort of. My mod consists (or will consist if I ever get to finish it) of multiple types of buildings which are generated on the map. Amongst others a tower containing treasure chests defended by a hostile mob, a castle which gets randomly (sort of) generated by combining several pre-built building-part schematics to build either a small or a medium castle. The tower is nearly finished, but I wanted to add various traps, or blocks which decay if you step on them so you fall through if you stay in one place. But now you mention abm... maybe that is an option.... I will play around with it some more.
The mob part is something I also have to tackle. First I need to learn basic Blender, which seems like it has a very steep learning curve....